Abstract:

By using the co-precipitation method, a large number of sequencing batch experiments for plutonium-containing wastewater were carried out by changing the original conditions of the sedimentation process. The experimental data show that the order of adding KMnO₄, iron containing adsorbent and NaOH influences significantly the adsorbing of plutonium. The order of first adding KMnO₄, adjusting pondus hydrogenii (pH) and then adding the adsorbent in experiments has the best effect on the plutonium adsorption. When the pH of plutonium-containing wastewater is about 10, FeCl₃ and FeCl₂ mixed reagent showed better adsorption ability and rate than FeSO₄ and Fe₂(SO₄)₃ mixed reagent, FeSO₄ reagent. At the different proportion of FeCl₃ and FeCl₂, the effect on the settlement of plutonium may also be affected. The improved process can promote 20% for the settling of plutonium in radioactive waste water, and the time needed for sedimentation reduced to 1/5 of the original.

Key words: Plutonium-containing wastewater, Co-precipitation method, Plutonium, Iron-containing adsorbent

摘要：

采用共沉淀的方法，通过改变原始的工艺条件，对含钚废水进行了大量的序批式实验。实验数据表明，KMnO₄、含铁试剂以及NaOH 加入的顺序对钚的吸附影响颇为显著，以先加KMnO₄、调节酸碱值(pH)和加入吸附剂的顺序进行实验时对钚的吸附效果最佳。在pH≈10 时，FeCl₃ 和FeCl₂ 的混合试剂比FeSO₄ 和Fe₂(SO₄)₃ 的混合试剂以及FeSO₄ 试剂吸附沉降钚的能力强、速率快，且FeCl₃ 和FeCl₂ 的比例不同，对钚的沉降效果也有影响。经测定，改进后的工艺对带放射性的废水中钚的沉降能力可以提升20%，而沉降所需时间缩短至原来的1/5。

关键词: 含钚废水, 共沉淀法, 钚, 含铁吸附剂