Abstract: To determine the effect of anode voltage distribution in a two-stage anode Hall thruster on its efficiency and thrust. The PIC three-dimensional simulation is used to simulate the discharge process of the two-stage Hall thruster. Based on the vertically distributed two-stage anode structure the ion plume distribution and the distribution of electrons in the discharge region are obtained. Thrust and efficiency in the different operation modes are obtained by simulation of the discharge state. In the two-stage anode structure, the increase of the voltage of the second stage will increase the ion energy, but will affect the electron confinement, and excessive voltage will cause the electron density to decrease. The thrust will increase with the increase of the Hall current, but the efficiency will decrease simultaneously, resulting in the loss of efficiency while increasing the thrust. 

Key words: Three-dimensional PIC simulation, Two-stage Hall thruster, Efficiency, Plasma

摘要： 为确定双阳极霍尔推力器中阳极电压分布对推力器效率及推力的影响，采用PIC三维数值模拟对双阳极结构霍尔推力器的放电过程进行了模拟。基于垂直分布的双阳极结构，得到了放电后离子羽流分布以及电子在放电区域的分布。通过对放电状态的模拟，计算得到了不同工况下的推力以及效率。在双阳极结构中第二阳极 的电压增加会增大离子能量，但将影响电子约束，而过高的电压将引起电子密度减小。推力随着霍尔电流的增大而增大，但效率会随之减小，导致在提升推力的同时损失效率。

关键词: 三维 PIC 模拟, 双阳极霍尔推力器, 效率, 等离子体