失超保护系统中多串联晶闸管阀组开断暂态过程均压特性研究

doi:10.16568/j.0254-6086.202503002

核聚变与等离子体物理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 257-264.DOI: 10.16568/j.0254-6086.202503002

失超保护系统中多串联晶闸管阀组开断暂态过程均压特性研究

仝玮¹，王琨^*2，李华³，徐猛³

(1. 合肥工业大学电气与自动化工程学院，合肥 230009；2. 中国能源建设集团安徽省电力设计院有限公司，合肥 230601；3. 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所，合肥 230031)

收稿日期:2023-09-11 修回日期:2024-10-10 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-09-29
通讯作者: 王琨(1989-)，男，安徽合肥人，副研究员，从事磁约束聚变装置失超保护系统研究。
作者简介:仝玮(1993-)，男，安徽合肥人，讲师，从事磁约束聚变装置失超保护系统研究。
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(JZ2022HGQA0126)；国家重大科技基础设施建设项目“聚变堆主机关键系统综合研究设施”(2018-000052-73-01-001228)

Study on breaking transient voltage balancing characteristic of multi-series thyristor stack using in quench protection system

TONG Wei¹, WANG Kun², LI Hua³, XU Meng³

(1. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009; 2. Anhui Electric Power Design Institute Co. Ltd., China Energy Group, Hefei 230601; 3. Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031)

Received:2023-09-11 Revised:2024-10-10 Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-09-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

聚变堆主机关键系统综合研究设施(CRAFT)所配备的失超保护系统(QPS)设计采用了磁体电流人工过零换流技术，其中大功率晶闸管阀组的安全可靠动作直接决定了主回路机械开关能否成功分断磁体电流。为探究其开断暂态过程中的均压特性，通过实验对比了CRRC MKPE 330-052 型号脉冲功率器件和CRRC KPE 6900-065 型号普通晶闸管在开断过程中单个器件及桥臂的均压特性。分析实验结果表明，CRRC MKPE 330-052 型号脉冲功率器件阀组方案中，串联器件反向恢复过程均压系数极低(顶点均压系数K₂=0.713，后顶点均压系数K₃=0.246)；并从器件研制工艺和结构角度，分析了多串联脉冲功率晶闸管在开断暂态过程中均压特性劣化原因是门极面积的扩大和少数载流子寿命的缩短。相较之下，CRRC KPE 6900-065 型号普通晶闸管阀组方案在开断瞬态过程各阶段中，串联器件均压系数均大于0.9，具有极佳的均压特性。因此，从安全性和可靠性考虑，最终选择CRRC KPE6900-065 型号普通晶闸管三只串联阀组作为过载CRAFT QPS 人工过零回路触发开关的设计方案。

关键词: 失超保护系统, 晶闸管阀组, 串联结构, 均压特性, 电流人工过零

Abstract:

The design of the quench protection system(QPS) equipped for comprehensive research facility for fusion technology(CRAFT) adopts the artificial current zero-crossing commutation technology for the magnetic current. The safe and reliable work of the high-power thyristor stack directly determines whether the main circuit mechanical switch can successfully break the magnetic current. The voltage sharing characteristics of single device and bridge arm in the breaking process of CRRC MKPE 330-052 Pulsed power device and CRRC KPE 6900-065 ordinary thyristor are experimentally compared. The analysis of the experimental results shows that in the valve group scheme of CRRC MKPE 330-052 Pulsed power device, the voltage sharing coefficient of the series device in the reverse recovery process is extremely low (peak voltage sharing coefficient K₂=0.713, rear peak voltage sharing coefficient K₃=0.246); From the point of view of device development process and structure, it is analyzed that the deterioration of voltage sharing characteristics of multi series pulsed power thyristors in the process of breaking transient is due to the expansion of gate area and the shortening of minority carrier life. In contrast, the CRRC KPE 6900-065 model ordinary thyristor valve group scheme has excellent voltage sharing characteristics, with series devices having a voltage sharing coefficient greater than 0.9 in all stages of the breaking transient process. Therefore, considering the safety and reliability, the CRRC KPE 6900-065 model ordinary thyristor three series valve group was ultimately selected as the design scheme for the manual zero crossing circuit trigger switch of the overload CRAFT QPS.

Key words: QPS, Thyristor stack, Series structure, Voltage balancing characteristic, Artificial current zero-crossing

中图分类号:

仝玮, 王琨, 李华, 徐猛. 失超保护系统中多串联晶闸管阀组开断暂态过程均压特性研究[J]. 核聚变与等离子体物理, 2025, 45(3): 257-264.

TONG Wei, WANG Kun, LI Hua, XU Meng.

Study on breaking transient voltage balancing characteristic of multi-series thyristor stack using in quench protection system

[J]. Nuclear Fusion and Plasma Physics, 2025, 45(3): 257-264.

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失超保护系统中多串联晶闸管阀组开断暂态过程均压特性研究

Study on breaking transient voltage balancing characteristic of multi-series thyristor stack using in quench protection system

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